Advanced Powder Products, Inc.
301 Enterprise Drive
Philipsburg, PA 16866
(814) 342-5898
Titanium Metal Injection Molding (MIM) is an advanced manufacturing technology that enables the production of complex, high-strength titanium parts at-scale.
By combining the flexibility of plastic injection molding with the performance of titanium alloys, APP delivers precision-engineered components that meet demanding mechanical and biocompatibility standards. Compared to other alloys such as stainless steel or cobalt chrome, titanium MIM offers superior corrosion resistance, excellent strength-to-weight ratios, and unmatched compatibility with medical and aerospace environments.
Titanium and its alloys are widely known for their exceptional biocompatibility. Unlike stainless steel or cobalt-based alloys, titanium is better tolerated by the human body, reducing the risk of allergic reactions or implant rejection. This makes titanium MIM ideal for producing medical devices and surgical implants.
Titanium’s natural oxide layer offers significant protection against corrosion, especially in saline or bodily fluid environments. This makes it highly effective in long-term implant applications where material integrity must be maintained.
Titanium alloys deliver high mechanical strength while remaining lightweight. This combination is ideal for applications requiring structural integrity without added mass, including medical, aerospace, and high-performance consumer components.
Titanium’s modulus of elasticity is closer to that of human bone than stainless steel, helping to minimize stress shielding in orthopedic implants. This leads to better load-distribution and improved long-term outcomes for patients.
Titanium MIM is especially beneficial in producing complex shapes that are challenging or cost-prohibitive using traditional machining. Titanium MIM supports intricate designs with minimal secondary processing.
Titanium is a high-value material. The MIM process minimizes material waste by using only what’s necessary for the molded part. Unlike machining, which removes material from billets, MIM builds net shape parts efficiently from titanium metal powder.
The titanium MIM process follows established steps—feedstock preparation, injection molding, binder removal, and sintering. APP’s expertise ensures that binder removal and the sintering process are optimized to maintain dimensional stability, high strength, and consistent surface quality.
Titanium presents unique processing challenges during the MIM process, particularly in the sintering stage. One of the most critical factors is controlling oxygen levels. Excess oxygen uptake can occur during sintering, especially at elevated temperatures. While increased oxygen content can enhance tensile strength, it also reduces ductility, making the part more brittle. Managing this trade-off is essential for meeting both mechanical and performance specifications.
To minimize contamination, rigorous atmospheric control and material handling procedures throughout the process may be required. Titanium metal powders are processed in clean environments, and sintering is conducted in high-purity, inert atmospheres to suppress oxidation.
In cases where enhanced mechanical properties are required, Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) can be applied post-sintering. HIP densifies the titanium part by applying high pressure and temperature uniformly, improving strength, fatigue resistance, and structural integrity. This step helps to close residual porosity and refine the microstructure, particularly for critical-use components in medical and aerospace applications.
Thanks to MIM’s ability to form multiple cavities in a single mold cycle, production throughput is increased without sacrificing part quality. This scalability makes titanium MIM ideal for medium to high-volume manufacturing of precision parts weighing less than 100 grams.
Titanium’s unique combination of biocompatibility, strength, and corrosion resistance makes it suitable for a range of high-performance markets:
For any application where material performance, corrosion resistance, and weight reduction are critical, titanium metal injection molding offers a cost-effective solution for manufacturing durable, net shape parts.
The following specifications reflect typical properties of Titanium MIM parts. Actual values may vary based on part geometry, sintering conditions, and titanium alloy selection.
| Grade | Max. oxygen content (wt%) | Min. YS (MPa) | Min. UTS (MPa) | Min. εƒ (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ti Grade 1 | 0.18 | 170 | 240 | 24 |
| Ti Grade 2 | 0.25 | 275 | 345 | 20 |
| Ti Grade 3 | 0.35 | 380 | 450 | 18 |
| Ti Grade 4 | 0.40 | 483 | 550 | 15 |
| Ti-6A1-4V Grade 5 | 0.20 | 828 | 895 | 10 |
| Ti-6A1-4V Grade 23 | 0.13 | 759 | 828 | 10 |
| Ti Grade 1 | |
| Max. Oxygen Content (wt%) | Min. YS (MPa) |
| 0.18 | 170 |
| Min. UTS (MPa) | Min. εƒ (%) |
| 240 | 24 |
| Ti Grade 2 | |
| Max. Oxygen Content (wt%) | Min. YS (MPa) |
| 0.25 | 275 |
| Min. UTS (MPa) | Min. εƒ (%) |
| 345 | 20 |
| Ti Grade 3 | |
| Max. Oxygen Content (wt%) | Min. YS (MPa) |
| 0.35 | 380 |
| Min. UTS (MPa) | Min. εƒ (%) |
| 450 | 18 |
| Ti Grade 4 | |
| Max. Oxygen Content (wt%) | Min. YS (MPa) |
| 0.40 | 483 |
| Min. UTS (MPa) | Min. εƒ (%) |
| 550 | 15 |
| Ti-6A1-4V Grade 5 | |
| Max. Oxygen Content (wt%) | Min. YS (MPa) |
| 0.20 | 828 |
| Min. UTS (MPa) | Min. εƒ (%) |
| 895 | 10 |
| Ti-6A1-4V Grade 23 | |
| Max. Oxygen Content (wt%) | Min. YS (MPa) |
| 0.13 | 759 |
| Min. UTS (MPa) | Min. εƒ (%) |
| 828 | 10 |